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July 24, 2006
Dentistry and Genomics Online (Omics Series, 11)
Much of the work to date in dental genomics has focused on oral microorganisms, an area also known as microbial genomics, oral diagnostics (especially with saliva), and forensics. Overviews of the discoveries and potential impact are available for laymen from National Coalition for Health Professional Education in Genetics (NCHPEG) and the Harris National Museum of Dentistry (NMD). NCHPEG has designed a rich Flash-based online exhibit including animations, illustrations, and a nicely selected resource list. The NMD has created the first exhibit examinig the impact of the human genome project on dentistry, with the exhibit due to be completed this year (2006).
National Coalition for Health Professional Education in Genetics (NCHPEG): Genetics, Disease and Dentistry: http://www.nchpeg.org/dental/index.html
Harris National Dental Museum (NMD): Exhibits: Your Spitting Image: http://www.dentalmuseum.umaryland.edu/exhibitions/special/detail.cfm?ID=41
The early planning from NIDCR, from 1999 through the 2002 Scientific Expert Panel, proposed that dental genomics focus on ten organisms -- nine bacteria and one yeast.
NIDCR Panel on Genomics and Proteomics Of Oral, Dental and Craniofacial Diseases -- A Scientific Expert Panel; May 22, 2002: http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/Research/LongRangeResearchOpportunities/PanelOnGenomicsAndProteomics.htm
Bacteria of periodontitis:
Porphyromonas gingivalis
Treponema denticola
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
Fusobacterium nucleatum
Bacteroides forsythus
Prevotella intermedia
Bacteria of dental caries:
Streptococcus mutans
Bacteria of dental plaque and endocarditis:
Streptococcus gordonii (in process)
Streptococcus sanguis
Yeast causing oral mucositis in the immunocompromised:
Candida albicans
Since that time, almost all of the named organisms have indeed had their genome mapped. A few of these projects have substantial websites with information about the project and organism, usually including the sequencing, assembly, and annotation of the specific genome.
Virginia Commonwealth University: Streptococcus sanguinis Genome Sequencing Project: http://www.sanguis.mic.vcu.edu/
Streptococcus mutans Genome Sequencing: http://www.genome.ou.edu/smutans.html
The Candida Genome Database (CGDTM): http://www.candidagenome.org/
NCBI: GenBank: T. denticola sequence (AE017226): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gquery/gquery.fcgi?term=AE017226
Porphyromonas Gingivalis Genome Project / Dr. Robert Fleischmann et al.: http://www.pgingivalis.org/
There are a few major resources that specifically collect microbial genomes for dentristry. TIGR-CMR collects a broad range of microbial and bacterial genomes, with a collection of almost 300 bacteria alone, while ORALGEN and BROP both collect only those relevant to dentistry.
Los Alamos: Oral Pathogen Sequence Databases (ORALGEN): http://www.oralgen.lanl.gov/
INCLUDES:
* Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
* Fusobacterium nucleatum
* Porphyromonas gingivalis
* Prevotella intermedia
* Streptococcus mutans
* Tannerella forsythensis
* Treponema denticola
* Human Herpesvirus 1 HSV-1
* Human Herpesvirus 2 HSV-2
* Human Herpesvirus 5 HCMV
* Human Herpesvirus 8 KSHV
Forsyth Institute: Genome Viewing, Exploring & Analysis Tools: The Bioinformatics Resources for Oral Pathogens (BROP): http://genome.brop.org/
TIGR: Comprehensive Microbial Resource (CMR):
http://www.tigr.org/CMR
Posted by pfa at July 24, 2006 09:21 PM